// Sources/SwiftProtobuf/Varint.swift - Varint encoding/decoding helpers
//
// Copyright (c) 2014 - 2016 Apple Inc. and the project authors
// Licensed under Apache License v2.0 with Runtime Library Exception
//
// See LICENSE.txt for license information:
// https://github.com/apple/swift-protobuf/blob/main/LICENSE.txt
//
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
///
/// Helper functions to varint-encode and decode integers.
///
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Contains helper methods to varint-encode and decode integers.
package enum Varint {

    /// Computes the number of bytes that would be needed to store a 32-bit varint.
    ///
    /// - Parameter value: The number whose varint size should be calculated.
    /// - Returns: The size, in bytes, of the 32-bit varint.
    package static func encodedSize(of value: UInt32) -> Int {
        if (value & (~0 << 7)) == 0 {
            return 1
        }
        if (value & (~0 << 14)) == 0 {
            return 2
        }
        if (value & (~0 << 21)) == 0 {
            return 3
        }
        if (value & (~0 << 28)) == 0 {
            return 4
        }
        return 5
    }

    /// Computes the number of bytes that would be needed to store a signed 32-bit varint, if it were
    /// treated as an unsigned integer with the same bit pattern.
    ///
    /// - Parameter value: The number whose varint size should be calculated.
    /// - Returns: The size, in bytes, of the 32-bit varint.
    package static func encodedSize(of value: Int32) -> Int {
        if value >= 0 {
            return encodedSize(of: UInt32(bitPattern: value))
        } else {
            // Must sign-extend.
            return encodedSize(of: Int64(value))
        }
    }

    /// Computes the number of bytes that would be needed to store a 64-bit varint.
    ///
    /// - Parameter value: The number whose varint size should be calculated.
    /// - Returns: The size, in bytes, of the 64-bit varint.
    static func encodedSize(of value: Int64) -> Int {
        // Handle two common special cases up front.
        if (value & (~0 << 7)) == 0 {
            return 1
        }
        if value < 0 {
            return 10
        }

        // Divide and conquer the remaining eight cases.
        var value = value
        var n = 2

        if (value & (~0 << 35)) != 0 {
            n &+= 4
            value >>= 28
        }
        if (value & (~0 << 21)) != 0 {
            n &+= 2
            value >>= 14
        }
        if (value & (~0 << 14)) != 0 {
            n &+= 1
        }
        return n
    }

    /// Computes the number of bytes that would be needed to store an unsigned 64-bit varint, if it
    /// were treated as a signed integer with the same bit pattern.
    ///
    /// - Parameter value: The number whose varint size should be calculated.
    /// - Returns: The size, in bytes, of the 64-bit varint.
    static func encodedSize(of value: UInt64) -> Int {
        encodedSize(of: Int64(bitPattern: value))
    }

    /// Counts the number of distinct varints in a packed byte buffer.
    static func countVarintsInBuffer(start: UnsafeRawPointer, count: Int) -> Int {
        // We don't need to decode all the varints to count how many there
        // are.  Just observe that every varint has exactly one byte with
        // value < 128. So we just count those...
        var n = 0
        var ints = 0
        while n < count {
            if start.load(fromByteOffset: n, as: UInt8.self) < 128 {
                ints &+= 1
            }
            n &+= 1
        }
        return ints
    }
}
